/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.apache.commons.beanutils2;

import java.beans.IndexedPropertyDescriptor;
import java.beans.IntrospectionException;
import java.beans.Introspector;
import java.beans.PropertyDescriptor;
import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;

import org.apache.commons.beanutils2.expression.DefaultResolver;
import org.apache.commons.beanutils2.expression.Resolver;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;

/**
 * Utility methods for using Java Reflection APIs to facilitate generic property getter and setter operations on Java objects. Much of this code was originally
 * included in {@code BeanUtils}, but has been separated because of the volume of code involved.
 * <p>
 * In general, the objects that are examined and modified using these methods are expected to conform to the property getter and setter method naming
 * conventions described in the JavaBeans Specification (Version 1.0.1). No data type conversions are performed, and there are no usage of any
 * {@code PropertyEditor} classes that have been registered, although a convenient way to access the registered classes themselves is included.
 * <p>
 * For the purposes of this class, five formats for referencing a particular property value of a bean are defined, with the <em>default</em> layout of an
 * identifying String in parentheses. However the notation for these formats and how they are resolved is now (since BeanUtils 1.8.0) controlled by the
 * configured {@link Resolver} implementation:
 * <ul>
 * <li><strong>Simple ({@code name})</strong> - The specified {@code name} identifies an individual property of a particular JavaBean. The name of the actual
 * getter or setter method to be used is determined using standard JavaBeans introspection, so that (unless overridden by a {@code BeanInfo} class, a property
 * named "xyz" will have a getter method named {@code getXyz()} or (for boolean properties only) {@code isXyz()}, and a setter method named
 * {@code setXyz()}.</li>
 * <li><strong>Nested ({@code name1.name2.name3})</strong> The first name element is used to select a property getter, as for simple references above. The
 * object returned for this property is then consulted, using the same approach, for a property getter for a property named {@code name2}, and so on. The
 * property value that is ultimately retrieved or modified is the one identified by the last name element.</li>
 * <li><strong>Indexed ({@code name[index]})</strong> - The underlying property value is assumed to be an array, or this JavaBean is assumed to have indexed
 * property getter and setter methods. The appropriate (zero-relative) entry in the array is selected. {@code List} objects are now also supported for
 * read/write. You simply need to define a getter that returns the {@code List}</li>
 * <li><strong>Mapped ({@code name(key)})</strong> - The JavaBean is assumed to have an property getter and setter methods with an additional attribute of type
 * {@link String}.</li>
 * <li><strong>Combined ({@code name1.name2[index].name3(key)})</strong> - Combining mapped, nested, and indexed references is also supported.</li>
 * </ul>
 *
 * @see Resolver
 * @see PropertyUtils
 * @since 1.7
 */
public class PropertyUtilsBean {

    /** Log instance */
    private static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(PropertyUtilsBean.class);

    /**
     * Gets the PropertyUtils bean instance.
     *
     * @return The PropertyUtils bean instance
     */
    protected static PropertyUtilsBean getInstance() {
        return BeanUtilsBean.getInstance().getPropertyUtils();
    }

    /**
     * Converts an object to a list of objects. This method is used when dealing with indexed properties. It assumes that indexed properties are stored as lists
     * of objects.
     *
     * @param obj the object to be converted
     * @return the resulting list of objects
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    private static List<Object> toObjectList(final Object obj) {
        // indexed properties are stored in lists of objects
        return (List<Object>) obj;
    }

    /**
     * Converts an object to a map with property values. This method is used when dealing with mapped properties. It assumes that mapped properties are stored
     * in a Map&lt;String, Object&gt;.
     *
     * @param obj the object to be converted
     * @return the resulting properties map
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    private static Map<String, Object> toPropertyMap(final Object obj) {
        // mapped properties are stores in maps of type <String, Object>
        return (Map<String, Object>) obj;
    }

    private Resolver resolver = new DefaultResolver();

    /**
     * The cache of PropertyDescriptor arrays for beans we have already introspected, keyed by the {@link Class} of this object.
     */
    private final Map<Class<?>, BeanIntrospectionData> descriptorsCache;

    private final Map<Class<?>, Map> mappedDescriptorsCache;

    /** The list with BeanIntrospector objects. */
    private final List<BeanIntrospector> introspectors;

    /** Base constructor */
    public PropertyUtilsBean() {
        descriptorsCache = BeanUtils.createCache();
        mappedDescriptorsCache = BeanUtils.createCache();
        introspectors = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
        resetBeanIntrospectors();
    }

    /**
     * Adds a {@code BeanIntrospector}. This object is invoked when the property descriptors of a class need to be obtained.
     *
     * @param introspector the {@code BeanIntrospector} to be added (must not be <strong>null</strong>
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the argument is <strong>null</strong>
     * @since 1.9
     */
    public void addBeanIntrospector(final BeanIntrospector introspector) {
        introspectors.add(Objects.requireNonNull(introspector, "introspector"));
    }

    /**
     * Clear any cached property descriptors information for all classes loaded by any class loaders. This is useful in cases where class loaders are thrown
     * away to implement class reloading.
     */
    public void clearDescriptors() {
        descriptorsCache.clear();
        mappedDescriptorsCache.clear();
        Introspector.flushCaches();
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Copy property values from the "origin" bean to the "destination" bean for all cases where the property names are the same (even though the actual getter
     * and setter methods might have been customized via {@code BeanInfo} classes). No conversions are performed on the actual property values -- it is assumed
     * that the values retrieved from the origin bean are assignment-compatible with the types expected by the destination bean.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * If the origin "bean" is actually a {@code Map}, it is assumed to contain String-valued <strong>simple</strong> property names as the keys, pointing at
     * the corresponding property values that will be set in the destination bean.<strong>Note</strong> that this method is intended to perform a "shallow copy"
     * of the properties and so complex properties (for example, nested ones) will not be copied.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * Note, that this method will not copy a List to a List, or an Object[] to an Object[]. It's specifically for copying JavaBean properties.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param dest Destination bean whose properties are modified
     * @param orig Origin bean whose properties are retrieved
     * @throws IllegalAccessException    if the caller does not have access to the property accessor method
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  if the {@code dest} or {@code orig} argument is null
     * @throws InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method throws an exception
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException     if an accessor method for this property cannot be found
     */
    public void copyProperties(final Object dest, final Object orig) throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException,
            // TODO BEFORE 2.0
            // MISMATCH between implementation and Javadoc.
            NoSuchMethodException {
        Objects.requireNonNull(dest, "dest");
        Objects.requireNonNull(orig, "orig");
        if (orig instanceof DynaBean) {
            final DynaProperty[] origDescriptors = ((DynaBean) orig).getDynaClass().getDynaProperties();
            for (final DynaProperty origDescriptor : origDescriptors) {
                final String name = origDescriptor.getName();
                if (isReadable(orig, name) && isWriteable(dest, name)) {
                    try {
                        final Object value = ((DynaBean) orig).get(name);
                        if (dest instanceof DynaBean) {
                            ((DynaBean) dest).set(name, value);
                        } else {
                            setSimpleProperty(dest, name, value);
                        }
                    } catch (final NoSuchMethodException e) {
                        if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
                            LOG.debug("Error writing to '" + name + "' on class '" + dest.getClass() + "'", e);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        } else if (orig instanceof Map) {
            for (final Map.Entry<?, ?> entry : ((Map<?, ?>) orig).entrySet()) {
                final String name = (String) entry.getKey();
                if (isWriteable(dest, name)) {
                    try {
                        if (dest instanceof DynaBean) {
                            ((DynaBean) dest).set(name, entry.getValue());
                        } else {
                            setSimpleProperty(dest, name, entry.getValue());
                        }
                    } catch (final NoSuchMethodException e) {
                        if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
                            LOG.debug("Error writing to '" + name + "' on class '" + dest.getClass() + "'", e);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        } else /* if (orig is a standard JavaBean) */ {
            final PropertyDescriptor[] origDescriptors = getPropertyDescriptors(orig);
            for (final PropertyDescriptor origDescriptor : origDescriptors) {
                final String name = origDescriptor.getName();
                if (isReadable(orig, name) && isWriteable(dest, name)) {
                    try {
                        final Object value = getSimpleProperty(orig, name);
                        if (dest instanceof DynaBean) {
                            ((DynaBean) dest).set(name, value);
                        } else {
                            setSimpleProperty(dest, name, value);
                        }
                    } catch (final NoSuchMethodException e) {
                        if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
                            LOG.debug("Error writing to '" + name + "' on class '" + dest.getClass() + "'", e);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Return the entire set of properties for which the specified bean provides a read method. This map contains the unconverted property values for all
     * properties for which a read method is provided (i.e. where the {@code getReadMethod()} returns non-null).
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * <strong>FIXME</strong> - Does not account for mapped properties.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param bean Bean whose properties are to be extracted
     * @return The set of properties for the bean
     * @throws IllegalAccessException    if the caller does not have access to the property accessor method
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  if {@code bean} is null
     * @throws InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method throws an exception
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException     if an accessor method for this property cannot be found
     */
    public Map<String, Object> describe(final Object bean) throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {
        Objects.requireNonNull(bean, "bean");
        final Map<String, Object> description = new HashMap<>();
        if (bean instanceof DynaBean) {
            final DynaProperty[] descriptors = ((DynaBean) bean).getDynaClass().getDynaProperties();
            for (final DynaProperty descriptor : descriptors) {
                final String name = descriptor.getName();
                description.put(name, getProperty(bean, name));
            }
        } else {
            final PropertyDescriptor[] descriptors = getPropertyDescriptors(bean);
            for (final PropertyDescriptor descriptor : descriptors) {
                final String name = descriptor.getName();
                if (descriptor.getReadMethod() != null) {
                    description.put(name, getProperty(bean, name));
                }
            }
        }
        return description;
    }

    /**
     * Performs introspection on the specified class. This method invokes all {@code BeanIntrospector} objects that were added to this instance.
     *
     * @param beanClass the class to be inspected
     * @return a data object with the results of introspection
     */
    private BeanIntrospectionData fetchIntrospectionData(final Class<?> beanClass) {
        final DefaultIntrospectionContext ictx = new DefaultIntrospectionContext(beanClass);

        for (final BeanIntrospector bi : introspectors) {
            try {
                bi.introspect(ictx);
            } catch (final IntrospectionException iex) {
                LOG.error("Exception during introspection", iex);
            }
        }

        return new BeanIntrospectionData(ictx.getPropertyDescriptors());
    }

    private Method getAccessibleMethod(final Object bean, final Method writeMethod) {
        return org.apache.commons.lang3.reflect.MethodUtils.getAccessibleMethod(bean.getClass(), writeMethod);
    }

    /**
     * Gets the value of the specified indexed property of the specified bean, with no type conversions. The zero-relative index of the required value must be
     * included (in square brackets) as a suffix to the property name, or {@code IllegalArgumentException} will be thrown. In addition to supporting the
     * JavaBeans specification, this method has been extended to support {@code List} objects as well.
     *
     * @param bean Bean whose property is to be extracted
     * @param name {@code propertyname[index]} of the property value to be extracted
     * @return the indexed property value
     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if the specified index is outside the valid range for the underlying array or List
     * @throws IllegalAccessException    if the caller does not have access to the property accessor method
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  if {@code bean} or {@code name} is null
     * @throws InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method throws an exception
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException     if an accessor method for this property cannot be found
     */
    public Object getIndexedProperty(final Object bean, String name) throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {
        Objects.requireNonNull(bean, "bean");
        Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
        // Identify the index of the requested individual property
        int index = -1;
        try {
            index = resolver.getIndex(name);
        } catch (final IllegalArgumentException e) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid indexed property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "' " + e.getMessage());
        }
        if (index < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid indexed property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Isolate the name
        name = resolver.getProperty(name);

        // Request the specified indexed property value
        return getIndexedProperty(bean, name, index);
    }

    /**
     * Gets the value of the specified indexed property of the specified bean, with no type conversions. In addition to supporting the JavaBeans specification,
     * this method has been extended to support {@code List} objects as well.
     *
     * @param bean  Bean whose property is to be extracted
     * @param name  Simple property name of the property value to be extracted
     * @param index Index of the property value to be extracted
     * @return the indexed property value
     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if the specified index is outside the valid range for the underlying property
     * @throws IllegalAccessException    if the caller does not have access to the property accessor method
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  if {@code bean} or {@code name} is null
     * @throws InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method throws an exception
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException     if an accessor method for this property cannot be found
     */
    public Object getIndexedProperty(final Object bean, final String name, final int index)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {
        Objects.requireNonNull(bean, "bean");
        if (name == null || name.isEmpty()) {
            if (bean.getClass().isArray()) {
                return Array.get(bean, index);
            }
            if (bean instanceof List) {
                return ((List<?>) bean).get(index);
            }
        }
        Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
        // Handle DynaBean instances specially
        if (bean instanceof DynaBean) {
            final DynaProperty descriptor = ((DynaBean) bean).getDynaClass().getDynaProperty(name);
            if (descriptor == null) {
                throw new NoSuchMethodException("Unknown property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            return ((DynaBean) bean).get(name, index);
        }

        // Retrieve the property descriptor for the specified property
        final PropertyDescriptor descriptor = getPropertyDescriptor(bean, name);
        if (descriptor == null) {
            throw new NoSuchMethodException("Unknown property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Call the indexed getter method if there is one
        if (descriptor instanceof IndexedPropertyDescriptor) {
            Method readMethod = ((IndexedPropertyDescriptor) descriptor).getIndexedReadMethod();
            readMethod = getAccessibleMethod(bean, readMethod);
            if (readMethod != null) {
                try {
                    return invokeMethod(readMethod, bean, Integer.valueOf(index));
                } catch (final InvocationTargetException e) {
                    if (e.getTargetException() instanceof IndexOutOfBoundsException) {
                        throw (IndexOutOfBoundsException) e.getTargetException();
                    }
                    throw e;
                }
            }
        }

        // Otherwise, the underlying property must be an array
        final Method readMethod = getReadMethod(bean.getClass(), descriptor);
        if (readMethod == null) {
            throw new NoSuchMethodException("Property '" + name + "' has no getter method on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Call the property getter and return the value
        final Object value = invokeMethod(readMethod, bean, BeanUtils.EMPTY_OBJECT_ARRAY);
        if (!value.getClass().isArray()) {
            if (!(value instanceof List)) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Property '" + name + "' is not indexed on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            // get the List's value
            return ((List<?>) value).get(index);
        }
        // get the array's value
        try {
            return Array.get(value, index);
        } catch (final ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException("Index: " + index + ", Size: " + Array.getLength(value) + " for property '" + name + "'");
        }
    }

    /**
     * Obtains the {@code BeanIntrospectionData} object describing the specified bean class. This object is looked up in the internal cache. If necessary,
     * introspection is performed now on the affected bean class, and the results object is created.
     *
     * @param beanClass the bean class in question
     * @return the {@code BeanIntrospectionData} object for this class
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the bean class is <strong>null</strong>
     */
    private BeanIntrospectionData getIntrospectionData(final Class<?> beanClass) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(beanClass, "beanClass");
        // Look up any cached information for this bean class
        BeanIntrospectionData data = descriptorsCache.get(beanClass);
        if (data == null) {
            data = fetchIntrospectionData(beanClass);
            descriptorsCache.put(beanClass, data);
        }
        return data;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the value of the specified mapped property of the specified bean, with no type conversions. The key of the required value must be included (in
     * brackets) as a suffix to the property name, or {@code IllegalArgumentException} will be thrown.
     *
     * @param bean Bean whose property is to be extracted
     * @param name {@code propertyname(key)} of the property value to be extracted
     * @return the mapped property value
     * @throws IllegalAccessException    if the caller does not have access to the property accessor method
     * @throws InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method throws an exception
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException     if an accessor method for this property cannot be found
     */
    public Object getMappedProperty(final Object bean, String name) throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {
        Objects.requireNonNull(bean, "bean");
        Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
        // Identify the key of the requested individual property
        String key = null;
        try {
            key = resolver.getKey(name);
        } catch (final IllegalArgumentException e) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid mapped property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "' " + e.getMessage());
        }
        if (key == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid mapped property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Isolate the name
        name = resolver.getProperty(name);

        // Request the specified indexed property value
        return getMappedProperty(bean, name, key);
    }

    /**
     * Gets the value of the specified mapped property of the specified bean, with no type conversions.
     *
     * @param bean Bean whose property is to be extracted
     * @param name Mapped property name of the property value to be extracted
     * @param key  Key of the property value to be extracted
     * @return the mapped property value
     * @throws IllegalAccessException    if the caller does not have access to the property accessor method
     * @throws InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method throws an exception
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException     if an accessor method for this property cannot be found
     */
    public Object getMappedProperty(final Object bean, final String name, final String key)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {
        Objects.requireNonNull(bean, "bean");
        Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
        Objects.requireNonNull(key, "key");
        // Handle DynaBean instances specially
        if (bean instanceof DynaBean) {
            final DynaProperty descriptor = ((DynaBean) bean).getDynaClass().getDynaProperty(name);
            if (descriptor == null) {
                throw new NoSuchMethodException("Unknown property '" + name + "'+ on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            return ((DynaBean) bean).get(name, key);
        }

        Object result = null;

        // Retrieve the property descriptor for the specified property
        final PropertyDescriptor descriptor = getPropertyDescriptor(bean, name);
        if (descriptor == null) {
            throw new NoSuchMethodException("Unknown property '" + name + "'+ on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        if (descriptor instanceof MappedPropertyDescriptor) {
            // Call the keyed getter method if there is one
            Method readMethod = ((MappedPropertyDescriptor) descriptor).getMappedReadMethod();
            readMethod = getAccessibleMethod(bean, readMethod);
            if (readMethod == null) {
                throw new NoSuchMethodException("Property '" + name + "' has no mapped getter method on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            result = invokeMethod(readMethod, bean, key);
        } else {
            /* means that the result has to be retrieved from a map */
            final Method readMethod = getReadMethod(bean.getClass(), descriptor);
            if (readMethod == null) {
                throw new NoSuchMethodException("Property '" + name + "' has no mapped getter method on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            final Object invokeResult = invokeMethod(readMethod, bean, BeanUtils.EMPTY_OBJECT_ARRAY);
            /* test and fetch from the map */
            if (invokeResult instanceof Map) {
                result = ((Map<?, ?>) invokeResult).get(key);
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Return the mapped property descriptors for this bean class.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * <strong>FIXME</strong> - Does not work with DynaBeans.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param beanClass Bean class to be introspected
     * @return the mapped property descriptors
     */
    Map<Class<?>, Map> getMappedPropertyDescriptors(final Class<?> beanClass) {
        if (beanClass == null) {
            return null;
        }
        // Look up any cached descriptors for this bean class
        return mappedDescriptorsCache.get(beanClass);
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Return the mapped property descriptors for this bean.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * <strong>FIXME</strong> - Does not work with DynaBeans.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param bean Bean to be introspected
     * @return the mapped property descriptors
     */
    Map getMappedPropertyDescriptors(final Object bean) {
        if (bean == null) {
            return null;
        }
        return getMappedPropertyDescriptors(bean.getClass());
    }

    /**
     * Gets the value of the (possibly nested) property of the specified name, for the specified bean, with no type conversions.
     *
     * @param bean Bean whose property is to be extracted
     * @param name Possibly nested name of the property to be extracted
     * @return the nested property value
     * @throws IllegalAccessException    if the caller does not have access to the property accessor method
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  if {@code bean} or {@code name} is null
     * @throws NestedNullException       if a nested reference to a property returns null
     * @throws InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method throws an exception
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException     if an accessor method for this property cannot be found
     */
    public Object getNestedProperty(Object bean, String name) throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {
        Objects.requireNonNull(bean, "bean");
        Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
        // Resolve nested references
        while (resolver.hasNested(name)) {
            final String next = resolver.next(name);
            Object nestedBean = null;
            if (bean instanceof Map) {
                nestedBean = getPropertyOfMapBean((Map<?, ?>) bean, next);
            } else if (resolver.isMapped(next)) {
                nestedBean = getMappedProperty(bean, next);
            } else if (resolver.isIndexed(next)) {
                nestedBean = getIndexedProperty(bean, next);
            } else {
                nestedBean = getSimpleProperty(bean, next);
            }
            if (nestedBean == null) {
                throw new NestedNullException("Null property value for '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            bean = nestedBean;
            name = resolver.remove(name);
        }

        if (bean instanceof Map) {
            bean = getPropertyOfMapBean((Map<?, ?>) bean, name);
        } else if (resolver.isMapped(name)) {
            bean = getMappedProperty(bean, name);
        } else if (resolver.isIndexed(name)) {
            bean = getIndexedProperty(bean, name);
        } else {
            bean = getSimpleProperty(bean, name);
        }
        return bean;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the value of the specified property of the specified bean, no matter which property reference format is used, with no type conversions.
     *
     * @param bean Bean whose property is to be extracted
     * @param name Possibly indexed and/or nested name of the property to be extracted
     * @return the property value
     * @throws IllegalAccessException    if the caller does not have access to the property accessor method
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  if {@code bean} or {@code name} is null
     * @throws InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method throws an exception
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException     if an accessor method for this property cannot be found
     */
    public Object getProperty(final Object bean, final String name) throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {
        return getNestedProperty(bean, name);
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Retrieve the property descriptor for the specified property of the specified bean, or return {@code null} if there is no such descriptor. This method
     * resolves indexed and nested property references in the same manner as other methods in this class, except that if the last (or only) name element is
     * indexed, the descriptor for the last resolved property itself is returned.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * <strong>FIXME</strong> - Does not work with DynaBeans.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * Note that for Java 8 and above, this method no longer return IndexedPropertyDescriptor for {@link List}-typed properties, only for properties typed as
     * native array. (BEANUTILS-492).
     *
     * @param bean Bean for which a property descriptor is requested
     * @param name Possibly indexed and/or nested name of the property for which a property descriptor is requested
     * @return the property descriptor
     * @throws IllegalAccessException    if the caller does not have access to the property accessor method
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  if {@code bean} or {@code name} is null
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  if a nested reference to a property returns null
     * @throws InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method throws an exception
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException     if an accessor method for this property cannot be found
     */
    public PropertyDescriptor getPropertyDescriptor(Object bean, String name) throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {
        Objects.requireNonNull(bean, "bean");
        Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
        // Resolve nested references
        while (resolver.hasNested(name)) {
            final String next = resolver.next(name);
            final Object nestedBean = getProperty(bean, next);
            if (nestedBean == null) {
                throw new NestedNullException("Null property value for '" + next + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            bean = nestedBean;
            name = resolver.remove(name);
        }

        // Remove any subscript from the final name value
        name = resolver.getProperty(name);

        // Look up and return this property from our cache
        // creating and adding it to the cache if not found.
        if (name == null) {
            return null;
        }

        final BeanIntrospectionData data = getIntrospectionData(bean.getClass());
        PropertyDescriptor result = data.getDescriptor(name);
        if (result != null) {
            return result;
        }

        Map mappedDescriptors = getMappedPropertyDescriptors(bean);
        if (mappedDescriptors == null) {
            mappedDescriptors = new ConcurrentHashMap<Class<?>, Map>();
            mappedDescriptorsCache.put(bean.getClass(), mappedDescriptors);
        }
        result = (PropertyDescriptor) mappedDescriptors.get(name);
        if (result == null) {
            // not found, try to create it
            try {
                result = new MappedPropertyDescriptor(name, bean.getClass());
            } catch (final IntrospectionException ie) {
                /*
                 * Swallow IntrospectionException TODO: Why?
                 */
            }
            if (result != null) {
                mappedDescriptors.put(name, result);
            }
        }

        return result;
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Retrieve the property descriptors for the specified class, introspecting and caching them the first time a particular bean class is encountered.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * <strong>FIXME</strong> - Does not work with DynaBeans.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param beanClass Bean class for which property descriptors are requested
     * @return the property descriptors
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code beanClass} is null
     */
    public PropertyDescriptor[] getPropertyDescriptors(final Class<?> beanClass) {
        return getIntrospectionData(beanClass).getDescriptors();
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Retrieve the property descriptors for the specified bean, introspecting and caching them the first time a particular bean class is encountered.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * <strong>FIXME</strong> - Does not work with DynaBeans.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param bean Bean for which property descriptors are requested
     * @return the property descriptors
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code bean} is null
     */
    public PropertyDescriptor[] getPropertyDescriptors(final Object bean) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(bean, "bean");
        return getPropertyDescriptors(bean.getClass());
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Return the Java Class repesenting the property editor class that has been registered for this property (if any). This method follows the same name
     * resolution rules used by {@code getPropertyDescriptor()}, so if the last element of a name reference is indexed, the property editor for the underlying
     * property's class is returned.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * Note that {@code null} will be returned if there is no property, or if there is no registered property editor class. Because this return value is
     * ambiguous, you should determine the existence of the property itself by other means.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * <strong>FIXME</strong> - Does not work with DynaBeans.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param bean Bean for which a property descriptor is requested
     * @param name Possibly indexed and/or nested name of the property for which a property descriptor is requested
     * @return the property editor class
     * @throws IllegalAccessException    if the caller does not have access to the property accessor method
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  if {@code bean} or {@code name} is null
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  if a nested reference to a property returns null
     * @throws InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method throws an exception
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException     if an accessor method for this property cannot be found
     */
    public Class<?> getPropertyEditorClass(final Object bean, final String name)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {
        Objects.requireNonNull(bean, "bean");
        Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
        final PropertyDescriptor descriptor = getPropertyDescriptor(bean, name);
        if (descriptor != null) {
            return descriptor.getPropertyEditorClass();
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * This method is called by getNestedProperty and setNestedProperty to define what it means to get a property from an object which implements Map. See
     * setPropertyOfMapBean for more information.
     *
     * @param bean         Map bean
     * @param propertyName The property name
     * @return the property value
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  when the propertyName is regarded as being invalid.
     * @throws IllegalAccessException    just in case subclasses override this method to try to access real getter methods and find permission is denied.
     * @throws InvocationTargetException just in case subclasses override this method to try to access real getter methods, and find it throws an exception when
     *                                   invoked.
     *
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException     just in case subclasses override this method to try to access real getter methods, and want to fail if no simple method
     *                                   is available.
     * @since 1.8.0
     */
    protected Object getPropertyOfMapBean(final Map<?, ?> bean, String propertyName)
            throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {

        if (resolver.isMapped(propertyName)) {
            final String name = resolver.getProperty(propertyName);
            if (name == null || name.isEmpty()) {
                propertyName = resolver.getKey(propertyName);
            }
        }

        if (resolver.isIndexed(propertyName) || resolver.isMapped(propertyName)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Indexed or mapped properties are not supported on objects of type Map: " + propertyName);
        }

        return bean.get(propertyName);
    }

    /**
     * Gets the Java Class representing the property type of the specified property, or {@code null} if there is no such property for the specified bean. This
     * method follows the same name resolution rules used by {@code getPropertyDescriptor()}, so if the last element of a name reference is indexed, the type of
     * the property itself will be returned. If the last (or only) element has no property with the specified name, {@code null} is returned.
     * <p>
     * If the property is an indexed property (for example {@code String[]}), this method will return the type of the items within that array. Note that from
     * Java 8 and newer, this method do not support such index types from items within an Collection, and will instead return the collection type (for example
     * java.util.List) from the getter method.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param bean Bean for which a property descriptor is requested
     * @param name Possibly indexed and/or nested name of the property for which a property descriptor is requested
     * @return The property type
     * @throws IllegalAccessException    if the caller does not have access to the property accessor method
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  if {@code bean} or {@code name} is null
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  if a nested reference to a property returns null
     * @throws InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method throws an exception
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException     if an accessor method for this property cannot be found
     */
    public Class<?> getPropertyType(Object bean, String name) throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {
        Objects.requireNonNull(bean, "bean");
        Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
        // Resolve nested references
        while (resolver.hasNested(name)) {
            final String next = resolver.next(name);
            final Object nestedBean = getProperty(bean, next);
            if (nestedBean == null) {
                throw new NestedNullException("Null property value for '" + next + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            bean = nestedBean;
            name = resolver.remove(name);
        }

        // Remove any subscript from the final name value
        name = resolver.getProperty(name);

        // Special handling for DynaBeans
        if (bean instanceof DynaBean) {
            final DynaProperty descriptor = ((DynaBean) bean).getDynaClass().getDynaProperty(name);
            if (descriptor == null) {
                return null;
            }
            final Class<?> type = descriptor.getType();
            if (type == null) {
                return null;
            }
            if (type.isArray()) {
                return type.getComponentType();
            }
            return type;
        }

        final PropertyDescriptor descriptor = getPropertyDescriptor(bean, name);
        if (descriptor == null) {
            return null;
        }
        if (descriptor instanceof IndexedPropertyDescriptor) {
            return ((IndexedPropertyDescriptor) descriptor).getIndexedPropertyType();
        }
        if (descriptor instanceof MappedPropertyDescriptor) {
            return ((MappedPropertyDescriptor) descriptor).getMappedPropertyType();
        }
        return descriptor.getPropertyType();
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Return the property getter method for this property if accessible from given {@code clazz} (and if there is one at all); otherwise return {@code null}.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * <strong>FIXME</strong> - Does not work with DynaBeans.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This fairly low-level method shouldn't be needed for most usecases. However, if you do have to implement something extra, you can improve consistency
     * with the standard code (for example that of {@link #getProperty getProperty()}) by calling this method instead of using
     * {@code descriptor.getReadMethod()} directly.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param clazz      The class of the read method will be invoked on
     * @param descriptor Property descriptor to return a getter for
     * @return The read method
     * @since 2.0.0
     */
    public Method getReadMethod(final Class<?> clazz, final PropertyDescriptor descriptor) {
        return org.apache.commons.lang3.reflect.MethodUtils.getAccessibleMethod(clazz, descriptor.getReadMethod());
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Return an accessible property getter method for this property, if there is one; otherwise return {@code null}.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * <strong>FIXME</strong> - Does not work with DynaBeans.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param descriptor Property descriptor to return a getter for
     * @return The read method
     */
    public Method getReadMethod(final PropertyDescriptor descriptor) {
        return org.apache.commons.lang3.reflect.MethodUtils.getAccessibleMethod(descriptor.getReadMethod());
    }

    /**
     * Gets the configured {@link Resolver} implementation used by BeanUtils.
     * <p>
     * The {@link Resolver} handles the <em>property name</em> expressions and the implementation in use effectively controls the dialect of the <em>expression
     * language</em> that BeanUtils recognizes.
     * <p>
     * {@link DefaultResolver} is the default implementation used.
     *
     * @return resolver The property expression resolver.
     * @since 1.8.0
     */
    public Resolver getResolver() {
        return resolver;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the value of the specified simple property of the specified bean, with no type conversions.
     *
     * @param bean Bean whose property is to be extracted
     * @param name Name of the property to be extracted
     * @return The property value
     * @throws IllegalAccessException    if the caller does not have access to the property accessor method
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  if {@code bean} or {@code name} is null
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  if the property name is nested or indexed
     * @throws InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method throws an exception
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException     if an accessor method for this property cannot be found
     */
    public Object getSimpleProperty(final Object bean, final String name) throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {
        Objects.requireNonNull(bean, "bean");
        Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
        // Validate the syntax of the property name
        if (resolver.hasNested(name)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Nested property names are not allowed: Property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }
        if (resolver.isIndexed(name)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Indexed property names are not allowed: Property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }
        if (resolver.isMapped(name)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Mapped property names are not allowed: Property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Handle DynaBean instances specially
        if (bean instanceof DynaBean) {
            final DynaProperty descriptor = ((DynaBean) bean).getDynaClass().getDynaProperty(name);
            if (descriptor == null) {
                throw new NoSuchMethodException("Unknown property '" + name + "' on dynaclass '" + ((DynaBean) bean).getDynaClass() + "'");
            }
            return ((DynaBean) bean).get(name);
        }

        // Retrieve the property getter method for the specified property
        final PropertyDescriptor descriptor = getPropertyDescriptor(bean, name);
        if (descriptor == null) {
            throw new NoSuchMethodException("Unknown property '" + name + "' on class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }
        final Method readMethod = getReadMethod(bean.getClass(), descriptor);
        if (readMethod == null) {
            throw new NoSuchMethodException("Property '" + name + "' has no getter method in class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Call the property getter and return the value
        return invokeMethod(readMethod, bean, BeanUtils.EMPTY_OBJECT_ARRAY);
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Return the property setter method for this property if accessible from given {@code clazz} (and if there is one at all); otherwise return {@code null}.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * <strong>FIXME</strong> - Does not work with DynaBeans.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * This fairly low-level method shouldn't be needed for most usecases. However, if you do have to implement something extra, you can improve consistency
     * with the standard code (for example that of {@link #setProperty setProperty()}) by calling this method instead of using
     * {@code descriptor.getWriteMethod()} directly.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param clazz      The class of the read method will be invoked on
     * @param descriptor Property descriptor to return a setter for
     * @return The write method
     * @since 1.9.1
     */
    public Method getWriteMethod(final Class<?> clazz, final PropertyDescriptor descriptor) {
        final BeanIntrospectionData data = getIntrospectionData(clazz);
        return org.apache.commons.lang3.reflect.MethodUtils.getAccessibleMethod(clazz, data.getWriteMethod(clazz, descriptor));
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * Return an accessible property setter method for this property, if there is one; otherwise return {@code null}.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * <em>Note:</em> This method does not work correctly with custom bean introspection under certain circumstances. It may return {@code null} even if a write
     * method is defined for the property in question. Use {@link #getWriteMethod(Class, PropertyDescriptor)} to be sure that the correct result is returned.
     * </p>
     * <p>
     * <strong>FIXME</strong> - Does not work with DynaBeans.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param descriptor Property descriptor to return a setter for
     * @return The write method
     */
    public Method getWriteMethod(final PropertyDescriptor descriptor) {
        return org.apache.commons.lang3.reflect.MethodUtils.getAccessibleMethod(descriptor.getWriteMethod());
    }

    /**
     * Delegates to {@link Method#invoke(Object, Object...)} and handles some unchecked exceptions.
     *
     * @see Method#invoke(Object, Object...)
     */
    private Object invokeMethod(final Method method, final Object bean, final Object... values) throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {
        Objects.requireNonNull(bean, "bean");
        try {
            return method.invoke(bean, values);
        } catch (final NullPointerException | IllegalArgumentException cause) {
            // JDK 1.3 and JDK 1.4 throw NullPointerException if an argument is
            // null for a primitive value (JDK 1.5+ throw IllegalArgumentException)
            final StringBuilder valueString = new StringBuilder();
            if (values != null) {
                for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
                    if (i > 0) {
                        valueString.append(", ");
                    }
                    if (values[i] == null) {
                        valueString.append("<null>");
                    } else {
                        valueString.append(values[i].getClass().getName());
                    }
                }
            }
            final StringBuilder expectedString = new StringBuilder();
            final Class<?>[] parTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
            if (parTypes != null) {
                for (int i = 0; i < parTypes.length; i++) {
                    if (i > 0) {
                        expectedString.append(", ");
                    }
                    expectedString.append(parTypes[i].getName());
                }
            }
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot invoke " + method.getDeclaringClass().getName() + "." + method.getName() + " on bean class '"
                    + bean.getClass() + "' - " + cause.getMessage()
                    // as per https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/BEANUTILS-224
                    + " - had objects of type \"" + valueString + "\" but expected signature \"" + expectedString + "\"", cause);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Return {@code true} if the specified property name identifies a readable property on the specified bean; otherwise, return {@code false}.
     *
     * @param bean Bean to be examined (may be a {@link DynaBean}
     * @param name Property name to be evaluated
     * @return {@code true} if the property is readable, otherwise {@code false}
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code bean} or {@code name</code> is <code>null}
     * @since 1.6
     */
    public boolean isReadable(Object bean, String name) {
        // Validate method parameters
        Objects.requireNonNull(bean, "bean");
        Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
        // Resolve nested references
        while (resolver.hasNested(name)) {
            final String next = resolver.next(name);
            Object nestedBean = null;
            try {
                nestedBean = getProperty(bean, next);
            } catch (final IllegalAccessException | NoSuchMethodException | InvocationTargetException e) {
                return false;
            }
            if (nestedBean == null) {
                throw new NestedNullException("Null property value for '" + next + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            bean = nestedBean;
            name = resolver.remove(name);
        }

        // Remove any subscript from the final name value
        name = resolver.getProperty(name);

        // Treat WrapDynaBean as special case - may be a write-only property
        // (see Jira issue# BEANUTILS-61)
        if (bean instanceof WrapDynaBean) {
            bean = ((WrapDynaBean) bean).getInstance();
        }

        // Return the requested result
        if (bean instanceof DynaBean) {
            // All DynaBean properties are readable
            return ((DynaBean) bean).getDynaClass().getDynaProperty(name) != null;
        }
        try {
            final PropertyDescriptor desc = getPropertyDescriptor(bean, name);
            if (desc != null) {
                Method readMethod = getReadMethod(bean.getClass(), desc);
                if (readMethod == null) {
                    if (desc instanceof IndexedPropertyDescriptor) {
                        readMethod = ((IndexedPropertyDescriptor) desc).getIndexedReadMethod();
                    } else if (desc instanceof MappedPropertyDescriptor) {
                        readMethod = ((MappedPropertyDescriptor) desc).getMappedReadMethod();
                    }
                    readMethod = getAccessibleMethod(bean, readMethod);
                }
                return readMethod != null;
            }
            return false;
        } catch (final IllegalAccessException | NoSuchMethodException | InvocationTargetException e) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Return {@code true} if the specified property name identifies a writable property on the specified bean; otherwise, return {@code false}.
     *
     * @param bean Bean to be examined (may be a {@link DynaBean}
     * @param name Property name to be evaluated
     * @return {@code true} if the property is writable, otherwise {@code false}
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code bean} or {@code name</code> is <code>null}
     * @since 1.6
     */
    public boolean isWriteable(Object bean, String name) {
        // Validate method parameters
        Objects.requireNonNull(bean, "bean");
        Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
        // Resolve nested references
        while (resolver.hasNested(name)) {
            final String next = resolver.next(name);
            Object nestedBean = null;
            try {
                nestedBean = getProperty(bean, next);
            } catch (final IllegalAccessException | NoSuchMethodException | InvocationTargetException e) {
                return false;
            }
            if (nestedBean == null) {
                throw new NestedNullException("Null property value for '" + next + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            bean = nestedBean;
            name = resolver.remove(name);
        }

        // Remove any subscript from the final name value
        name = resolver.getProperty(name);

        // Treat WrapDynaBean as special case - may be a read-only property
        // (see Jira issue# BEANUTILS-61)
        if (bean instanceof WrapDynaBean) {
            bean = ((WrapDynaBean) bean).getInstance();
        }

        // Return the requested result
        if (bean instanceof DynaBean) {
            // All DynaBean properties are writable
            return ((DynaBean) bean).getDynaClass().getDynaProperty(name) != null;
        }
        try {
            final PropertyDescriptor desc = getPropertyDescriptor(bean, name);
            if (desc != null) {
                Method writeMethod = getWriteMethod(bean.getClass(), desc);
                if (writeMethod == null) {
                    if (desc instanceof IndexedPropertyDescriptor) {
                        writeMethod = ((IndexedPropertyDescriptor) desc).getIndexedWriteMethod();
                    } else if (desc instanceof MappedPropertyDescriptor) {
                        writeMethod = ((MappedPropertyDescriptor) desc).getMappedWriteMethod();
                    }
                    writeMethod = getAccessibleMethod(bean, writeMethod);
                }
                return writeMethod != null;
            }
            return false;
        } catch (final IllegalAccessException | NoSuchMethodException | InvocationTargetException e) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Removes the specified {@code BeanIntrospector}.
     *
     * @param introspector the {@code BeanIntrospector} to be removed
     * @return <strong>true</strong> if the {@code BeanIntrospector} existed and could be removed, <strong>false</strong> otherwise
     * @since 1.9
     */
    public boolean removeBeanIntrospector(final BeanIntrospector introspector) {
        return introspectors.remove(introspector);
    }

    /**
     * Resets the {@link BeanIntrospector} objects registered at this instance. After this method was called, only the default {@code BeanIntrospector} is
     * registered.
     *
     * @since 1.9
     */
    public final void resetBeanIntrospectors() {
        introspectors.clear();
        introspectors.add(DefaultBeanIntrospector.INSTANCE);
        introspectors.add(SuppressPropertiesBeanIntrospector.SUPPRESS_CLASS);
        introspectors.add(SuppressPropertiesBeanIntrospector.SUPPRESS_DECLARING_CLASS);
    }

    /**
     * Sets the value of the specified indexed property of the specified bean, with no type conversions. In addition to supporting the JavaBeans specification,
     * this method has been extended to support {@code List} objects as well.
     *
     * @param bean  Bean whose property is to be set
     * @param name  Simple property name of the property value to be set
     * @param index Index of the property value to be set
     * @param value Value to which the indexed property element is to be set
     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if the specified index is outside the valid range for the underlying property
     * @throws IllegalAccessException    if the caller does not have access to the property accessor method
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  if {@code bean} or {@code name} is null
     * @throws InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method throws an exception
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException     if an accessor method for this property cannot be found
     */
    public void setIndexedProperty(final Object bean, final String name, final int index, final Object value)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {
        Objects.requireNonNull(bean, "bean");
        if (name == null || name.isEmpty()) {
            if (bean.getClass().isArray()) {
                Array.set(bean, index, value);
                return;
            }
            if (bean instanceof List) {
                final List<Object> list = toObjectList(bean);
                list.set(index, value);
                return;
            }
        }
        Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
        // Handle DynaBean instances specially
        if (bean instanceof DynaBean) {
            final DynaProperty descriptor = ((DynaBean) bean).getDynaClass().getDynaProperty(name);
            if (descriptor == null) {
                throw new NoSuchMethodException("Unknown property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            ((DynaBean) bean).set(name, index, value);
            return;
        }

        // Retrieve the property descriptor for the specified property
        final PropertyDescriptor descriptor = getPropertyDescriptor(bean, name);
        if (descriptor == null) {
            throw new NoSuchMethodException("Unknown property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Call the indexed setter method if there is one
        if (descriptor instanceof IndexedPropertyDescriptor) {
            Method writeMethod = ((IndexedPropertyDescriptor) descriptor).getIndexedWriteMethod();
            writeMethod = getAccessibleMethod(bean, writeMethod);
            if (writeMethod != null) {
                try {
                    if (LOG.isTraceEnabled()) {
                        final String valueClassName = value == null ? "<null>" : value.getClass().getName();
                        LOG.trace("setSimpleProperty: Invoking method " + writeMethod + " with index=" + index + ", value=" + value + " (class "
                                + valueClassName + ")");
                    }
                    invokeMethod(writeMethod, bean, Integer.valueOf(index), value);
                } catch (final InvocationTargetException e) {
                    if (e.getTargetException() instanceof IndexOutOfBoundsException) {
                        throw (IndexOutOfBoundsException) e.getTargetException();
                    }
                    throw e;
                }
                return;
            }
        }

        // Otherwise, the underlying property must be an array or a list
        final Method readMethod = getReadMethod(bean.getClass(), descriptor);
        if (readMethod == null) {
            throw new NoSuchMethodException("Property '" + name + "' has no getter method on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Call the property getter to get the array or list
        final Object array = invokeMethod(readMethod, bean, BeanUtils.EMPTY_OBJECT_ARRAY);
        if (!array.getClass().isArray()) {
            if (!(array instanceof List)) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Property '" + name + "' is not indexed on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            // Modify the specified value in the List
            final List<Object> list = toObjectList(array);
            list.set(index, value);
        } else {
            // Modify the specified value in the array
            Array.set(array, index, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Sets the value of the specified indexed property of the specified bean, with no type conversions. The zero-relative index of the required value must be
     * included (in square brackets) as a suffix to the property name, or {@code IllegalArgumentException} will be thrown. In addition to supporting the
     * JavaBeans specification, this method has been extended to support {@code List} objects as well.
     *
     * @param bean  Bean whose property is to be modified
     * @param name  {@code propertyname[index]} of the property value to be modified
     * @param value Value to which the specified property element should be set
     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if the specified index is outside the valid range for the underlying property
     * @throws IllegalAccessException    if the caller does not have access to the property accessor method
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  if {@code bean} or {@code name} is null
     * @throws InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method throws an exception
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException     if an accessor method for this property cannot be found
     */
    public void setIndexedProperty(final Object bean, String name, final Object value)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {
        Objects.requireNonNull(bean, "bean");
        Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
        // Identify the index of the requested individual property
        int index = -1;
        try {
            index = resolver.getIndex(name);
        } catch (final IllegalArgumentException e) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid indexed property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }
        if (index < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid indexed property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Isolate the name
        name = resolver.getProperty(name);

        // Set the specified indexed property value
        setIndexedProperty(bean, name, index, value);
    }

    /**
     * Sets the value of the specified mapped property of the specified bean, with no type conversions. The key of the value to set must be included (in
     * brackets) as a suffix to the property name, or {@code IllegalArgumentException} will be thrown.
     *
     * @param bean  Bean whose property is to be set
     * @param name  {@code propertyname(key)} of the property value to be set
     * @param value The property value to be set
     * @throws IllegalAccessException    if the caller does not have access to the property accessor method
     * @throws InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method throws an exception
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException     if an accessor method for this property cannot be found
     */
    public void setMappedProperty(final Object bean, String name, final Object value)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {
        Objects.requireNonNull(bean, "bean");
        Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");

        // Identify the key of the requested individual property
        String key = null;
        try {
            key = resolver.getKey(name);
        } catch (final IllegalArgumentException e) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid mapped property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }
        if (key == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid mapped property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        // Isolate the name
        name = resolver.getProperty(name);

        // Request the specified indexed property value
        setMappedProperty(bean, name, key, value);
    }

    /**
     * Sets the value of the specified mapped property of the specified bean, with no type conversions.
     *
     * @param bean  Bean whose property is to be set
     * @param name  Mapped property name of the property value to be set
     * @param key   Key of the property value to be set
     * @param value The property value to be set
     * @throws IllegalAccessException    if the caller does not have access to the property accessor method
     * @throws InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method throws an exception
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException     if an accessor method for this property cannot be found
     */
    public void setMappedProperty(final Object bean, final String name, final String key, final Object value)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {
        Objects.requireNonNull(bean, "bean");
        Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
        Objects.requireNonNull(key, "key");
        // Handle DynaBean instances specially
        if (bean instanceof DynaBean) {
            final DynaProperty descriptor = ((DynaBean) bean).getDynaClass().getDynaProperty(name);
            if (descriptor == null) {
                throw new NoSuchMethodException("Unknown property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            ((DynaBean) bean).set(name, key, value);
            return;
        }

        // Retrieve the property descriptor for the specified property
        final PropertyDescriptor descriptor = getPropertyDescriptor(bean, name);
        if (descriptor == null) {
            throw new NoSuchMethodException("Unknown property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
        }

        if (descriptor instanceof MappedPropertyDescriptor) {
            // Call the keyed setter method if there is one
            Method mappedWriteMethod = ((MappedPropertyDescriptor) descriptor).getMappedWriteMethod();
            mappedWriteMethod = getAccessibleMethod(bean, mappedWriteMethod);
            if (mappedWriteMethod == null) {
                throw new NoSuchMethodException("Property '" + name + "' has no mapped setter method on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            if (LOG.isTraceEnabled()) {
                final String valueClassName = value == null ? "<null>" : value.getClass().getName();
                LOG.trace("setSimpleProperty: Invoking method " + mappedWriteMethod + " with key=" + key + ", value=" + value + " (class " + valueClassName
                        + ")");
            }
            invokeMethod(mappedWriteMethod, bean, key, value);
        } else {
            /* means that the result has to be retrieved from a map */
            final Method readMethod = getReadMethod(bean.getClass(), descriptor);
            if (readMethod == null) {
                throw new NoSuchMethodException("Property '" + name + "' has no mapped getter method on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            final Object invokeResult = invokeMethod(readMethod, bean, BeanUtils.EMPTY_OBJECT_ARRAY);
            /* test and fetch from the map */
            if (invokeResult instanceof Map) {
                toPropertyMap(invokeResult).put(key, value);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Sets the value of the (possibly nested) property of the specified name, for the specified bean, with no type conversions.
     * <p>
     * Example values for parameter "name" are:
     * <ul>
     * <li>"a" -- sets the value of property a of the specified bean</li>
     * <li>"a.b" -- gets the value of property a of the specified bean, then on that object sets the value of property b.</li>
     * <li>"a(key)" -- sets a value of mapped-property a on the specified bean. This effectively means bean.setA("key").</li>
     * <li>"a[3]" -- sets a value of indexed-property a on the specified bean. This effectively means bean.setA(3).</li>
     * </ul>
     *
     * @param bean  Bean whose property is to be modified
     * @param name  Possibly nested name of the property to be modified
     * @param value Value to which the property is to be set
     * @throws IllegalAccessException    if the caller does not have access to the property accessor method
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  if {@code bean} or {@code name} is null
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  if a nested reference to a property returns null
     * @throws InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method throws an exception
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException     if an accessor method for this property cannot be found
     */
    public void setNestedProperty(Object bean, String name, final Object value)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {
        Objects.requireNonNull(bean, "bean");
        Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
        // Resolve nested references
        while (resolver.hasNested(name)) {
            final String next = resolver.next(name);
            Object nestedBean = null;
            if (bean instanceof Map) {
                nestedBean = getPropertyOfMapBean((Map<?, ?>) bean, next);
            } else if (resolver.isMapped(next)) {
                nestedBean = getMappedProperty(bean, next);
            } else if (resolver.isIndexed(next)) {
                nestedBean = getIndexedProperty(bean, next);
            } else {
                nestedBean = getSimpleProperty(bean, next);
            }
            if (nestedBean == null) {
                throw new NestedNullException("Null property value for '" + name + "' on bean class '" + bean.getClass() + "'");
            }
            bean = nestedBean;
            name = resolver.remove(name);
        }

        if (bean instanceof Map) {
            setPropertyOfMapBean(toPropertyMap(bean), name, value);
        } else if (resolver.isMapped(name)) {
            setMappedProperty(bean, name, value);
        } else if (resolver.isIndexed(name)) {
            setIndexedProperty(bean, name, value);
        } else {
            setSimpleProperty(bean, name, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Sets the value of the specified property of the specified bean, no matter which property reference format is used, with no type conversions.
     *
     * @param bean  Bean whose property is to be modified
     * @param name  Possibly indexed and/or nested name of the property to be modified
     * @param value Value to which this property is to be set
     * @throws IllegalAccessException    if the caller does not have access to the property accessor method
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  if {@code bean} or {@code name} is null
     * @throws InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method throws an exception
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException     if an accessor method for this property cannot be found
     */
    public void setProperty(final Object bean, final String name, final Object value)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {
        setNestedProperty(bean, name, value);
    }

    /**
     * This method is called by method setNestedProperty when the current bean is found to be a Map object, and defines how to deal with setting a property on a
     * Map.
     * <p>
     * The standard implementation here is to:
     * <ul>
     * <li>call bean.set(propertyName) for all propertyName values.</li>
     * <li>throw an IllegalArgumentException if the property specifier contains MAPPED_DELIM or INDEXED_DELIM, as Map entries are essentially simple properties;
     * mapping and indexing operations do not make sense when accessing a map (even thought the returned object may be a Map or an Array).</li>
     * </ul>
     * <p>
     * The default behavior of BeanUtils 1.7.1 or later is for assigning to "a.b" to mean a.put(b, obj) always. However the behavior of BeanUtils version 1.6.0,
     * 1.6.1, 1.7.0 was for "a.b" to mean a.setB(obj) if such a method existed, and a.put(b, obj) otherwise. In version 1.5 it meant a.put(b, obj) always (ie
     * the same as the behavior in the current version). In versions prior to 1.5 it meant a.setB(obj) always. [yes, this is all <em>very</em> unfortunate]
     * <p>
     * Users who would like to customize the meaning of "a.b" in method setNestedProperty when a is a Map can create a custom subclass of this class and
     * override this method to implement the behavior of their choice, such as restoring the pre-1.4 behavior of this class if they wish. When overriding this
     * method, do not forget to deal with MAPPED_DELIM and INDEXED_DELIM characters in the propertyName.
     * <p>
     * Note, however, that the recommended solution for objects that implement Map but want their simple properties to come first is for <em>those</em> objects
     * to override their get/put methods to implement that behavior, and <em>not</em> to solve the problem by modifying the default behavior of the
     * PropertyUtilsBean class by overriding this method.
     *
     * @param bean         Map bean
     * @param propertyName The property name
     * @param value        the property value
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  when the propertyName is regarded as being invalid.
     * @throws IllegalAccessException    just in case subclasses override this method to try to access real setter methods and find permission is denied.
     * @throws InvocationTargetException just in case subclasses override this method to try to access real setter methods, and find it throws an exception when
     *                                   invoked.
     *
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException     just in case subclasses override this method to try to access real setter methods, and want to fail if no simple method
     *                                   is available.
     * @since 1.8.0
     */
    protected void setPropertyOfMapBean(final Map<String, Object> bean, String propertyName, final Object value)
            throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {
        if (resolver.isMapped(propertyName)) {
            final String name = resolver.getProperty(propertyName);
            if (name == null || name.isEmpty()) {
                propertyName = resolver.getKey(propertyName);
            }
        }

        if (resolver.isIndexed(propertyName) || resolver.isMapped(propertyName)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Indexed or mapped properties are not supported on objects of type Map: " + propertyName);
        }

        bean.put(propertyName, value);
    }

    /**
     * Configure the {@link Resolver} implementation used by BeanUtils.
     * <p>
     * The {@link Resolver} handles the <em>property name</em> expressions and the implementation in use effectively controls the dialect of the <em>expression
     * language</em> that BeanUtils recognizes.
     * <p>
     * {@link DefaultResolver} is the default implementation used.
     *
     * @param resolver The property expression resolver.
     * @since 1.8.0
     */
    public void setResolver(final Resolver resolver) {
        if (resolver == null) {
            this.resolver = new DefaultResolver();
        } else {
            this.resolver = resolver;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Sets the value of the specified simple property of the specified bean, with no type conversions.
     *
     * @param bean  Bean whose property is to be modified
     * @param name  Name of the property to be modified
     * @param value Value to which the property should be set
     * @throws IllegalAccessException    if the caller does not have access to the property accessor method
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  if {@code bean} or {@code name} is null
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException  if the property name is nested or indexed
     * @throws InvocationTargetException if the property accessor method throws an exception
     * @throws NoSuchMethodException     if an accessor method for this property cannot be found
     */
    public void setSimpleProperty(final Object bean, final String name, final Object value)
            throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException {
        Objects.requireNonNull(bean, "bean");
        Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
        final Class<?> beanClass = bean.getClass();
        // Validate the syntax of the property name
        if (resolver.hasNested(name)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Nested property names are not allowed: Property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + beanClass + "'");
        }
        if (resolver.isIndexed(name)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Indexed property names are not allowed: Property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + beanClass + "'");
        }
        if (resolver.isMapped(name)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Mapped property names are not allowed: Property '" + name + "' on bean class '" + beanClass + "'");
        }

        // Handle DynaBean instances specially
        if (bean instanceof DynaBean) {
            final DynaProperty descriptor = ((DynaBean) bean).getDynaClass().getDynaProperty(name);
            if (descriptor == null) {
                throw new NoSuchMethodException("Unknown property '" + name + "' on dynaclass '" + ((DynaBean) bean).getDynaClass() + "'");
            }
            ((DynaBean) bean).set(name, value);
            return;
        }

        // Retrieve the property setter method for the specified property
        final PropertyDescriptor descriptor = getPropertyDescriptor(bean, name);
        if (descriptor == null) {
            throw new NoSuchMethodException("Unknown property '" + name + "' on class '" + beanClass + "'");
        }
        final Method writeMethod = getWriteMethod(beanClass, descriptor);
        if (writeMethod == null) {
            throw new NoSuchMethodException("Property '" + name + "' has no setter method in class '" + beanClass + "'");
        }

        // Call the property setter method
        if (LOG.isTraceEnabled()) {
            final String valueClassName = value == null ? "<null>" : value.getClass().getName();
            LOG.trace("setSimpleProperty: Invoking method " + writeMethod + " with value " + value + " (class " + valueClassName + ")");
        }
        invokeMethod(writeMethod, bean, value);
    }
}
